This article analyzes the prevalence, as well as the main causes of non-carious enamel lesions, and, specifically, systemic enamel hypoplasia. Based on modern domestic and foreign literary sources.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Introduction. One of the most attractive materials in the composition of toothpastes is hydroxyapatite with nanoscale crystals that contribute to the prolongation of remineralization due to the release of calcium and phosphorus. In some cases, macro- and micronutrients are introduced into preventive toothpastes; however, the dynamics of increasing their concentration in the oral fluid has not been studied enough.

The objective was to study the effect of bioactive toothpaste with natural hydroxyapatite, enriched in nanodispersed particles of iron, zinc and copper, on the dynamics of the dental status and the level of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium in the oral fluid.

Methods and materials. 26 patients were examined: 19 patients used the toothpaste being studied, and 7 patients used toothpaste, which did not have macro- and microelements. The determination of the Green-Vermilion hygiene index and the papillary-marginal-alveolar index was carried out, followed by calculation of the effectiveness of the cleansing and antiinflammatory effects. In the oral fluid, the method of electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was used for determination of the content of cations of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium.

Results. One month after the start of the use of toothpaste with natural hydroxyapatites enriched with macro- and microelements, a statistically significant increase in the oral fluid of patient, levels of copper, iron, zinc and calcium was established. The effectiveness of the cleansing effect was 85 %, anti-inflammatory effectiveness – 90 %.

Conclusion. The increase in the level of macro- and microelements in the oral fluid is due to the composition of the toothpaste containing, along with biogenic hydroxyapatite, nanodispersed particles of iron, zinc and copper.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Relevance. Treatment of patients with refractory forms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia causes a number of complications from the organs and tissues of the oral cavity. It can be both early complications – cytotoxic reactions with the development of oral mucositis, and late, leading to a violation of the mineralization of hard tooth tissues, and to underdevelopment of the teeth. Oral fluid plays an important role in maintaining oral homeostasis. One of the most important functions that it performs is maintaining the physiological balance of the processes of re- and demineralization of tooth enamel. Since demineralization processes begin in childhood at higher pH values than in adults, when the hydrogen index decreases below 6.4, demineralization processes begin to prevail over remineralization, and the solubility of hydroxylapatite crystals which enamel consists of increases.

The objective was to assess the basic indicators of oral fluid and oral hygiene indices in this group of patients.

Methods and materials. During the examination of the oral cavity, the intensity of caries and hygiene indices were determined. For the study, oral fluid was collected, followed by determination of its viscosity and hydrogen index.

Results. These patients showed a lower level of oral fluid hydrogen index and a lower level of oral hygiene compared to healthy children. In addition, during the study, it was found that there is a direct relationship between the pH of the oral fluid and the time elapsed since the hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Conclusion. The detected changes are factors that predispose to an increase in the intensity of caries, and require early preventive measures.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Introduction. The question of learning motivation turns out to be the leading one in psychology of study. The content and structure of motivation form a certain motivational level of a student as well as the degree of his educational activity. During the years of study at the university, the correlation of motives changes, influencing the academic progress of the students.

The objective of our study was to investigate the motivation peculiarities of educational activity in 4th year-students of the Faculty of Dentistry.

Methods and materials. Forty-eight 4th year – students of the Faculty of Dentistry were analyzed for the structure of their motivation to study. The techniques and methods used in the study were «Studying the motives of students` learning activities» by A. A. Rean and V. A. Yakunin, «Motivation for university education» by T. I. Ilyina, «Motivation for success» and «Motivation to avoid failures» by T. Ehlers.

Results. The learning activity of dental students is supported by many motives. The strongest leading motives are professional, educational, and cognitive motives as well as motivation for obtaining a diploma. The motivational sphere of students embraces both external and internal motives that do not depend on external stimuli. The students are equally aimed at gaining knowledge and mastering the profession. In the sphere of motivation, the students have both motivations for achieving success, and the motives for avoiding failures. The methods of forming positive learning motivation in the classes of 4-year dentistry students are given.

Conclusion. The educational activity of dental students is supported by professional, educational, cognitive, and pragmatic motives. The structure of motivation includes both external and internal motives that give it stability. Students are satisfied with their chosen profession, and their educational activities are not compelled. The dental students have motivations for archiving success and the motives for avoiding failures, expressed to a greater extend. It must be taken into account in motivational support.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Introduction. The article discusses a new method for estimating the saturation of a therapeutic and prophylactic effect on periodontal on the background of refusal of smoking and its application to assess the parameters of periodontal transitions from the stage of exacerbation to the stage of remission.

The objective was to improve the accuracy of low-cost prediction of the effectiveness of interventions in inflammatory periodontal diseases in smoking patients based on the development of a new method for assessing the saturation of therapeutic and prophylactic effects.

Methods and materials. To determine the saturation of therapeutic and prophylactic effects on periodontal in smoking patients, it was proposed to estimate the weighted average increase in the reduction of a new series of indicators (concentration of carbon monoxide in exhaled air, clinical indices and frequency of occurrence and nature of exudate of periodontal spaces).

Results. The saturation of the therapeutic and prophylactic effect on periodontal on the background of quitting (using anti-tobacco patches) when conducting events with xanthan gel with chlorhexidine or photo-activated disinfection occurs much earlier than the two-week interval. Estimates of the relative frequencies and intensities of therapeutic and prophylactic transitions are obtained when performing procedures against the background of nicotine replacement therapy.

Conclusion. The proposed method for assessing the saturation of the therapeutic and prophylactic effect on periodontal in smoking patients allows to take into account additional features of the analyzed process and to carry out a low-cost prediction of the effectiveness of complex therapy.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Introduction. The study of the main dental statuses begins with the determination of indicators of the state of quality of oral hygiene and periodontal tissues. Given these factors, dentists should choose the most suitable for use in the appropriate age-sex and professional groups, taking into account the existing harmful factors of the external and internal environment, and occupational hazards.

The objective was to determine the hygienic and dental status in different population groups by studying the parameters of the main dental diseases and to draw a parallel between them and the level of hygienic knowledge in these groups, for the correction of hygiene and preventive measures as the main way to prevent these diseases.

Methods and materials. The study involved 307 people who were not burdened with general somatic pathology, of which 6 age groups were formed. Dental status was determined using the Green-Vermillion hygiene index, PMA and Mühlemann and Son periodontal indices. In order to study the level of hygienic knowledge and skills of the population, a survey was conducted using a Questionnaire and its assessment by the index of hygienic knowledge of S. B. Ulitovskiy.

Results. As a result of the study, a decrease in the Green – Vermillion index was found in group 1 from (2.13±0.38) to (1.07±0.27), in group 5 – from (2.83±0.14) to (0.75±0.09); in group 6, the index at the beginning of the study was (3.47±0.12), and by the end, it decreased to (1.93±0.05), which reflects an increase in the cleansing efficiency in various groups of the population. The positive dynamics of the anti-inflammatory efficiency was observed in the 1st group from (16.81±3.52) to (8.15±1.64) %; in the 5th group, indicators has decreased by 3 times, from (18.86±0.65) to (6.53±0.77) %, in the 6th group – from (19.24±0.43) to (7.01±1.19) %. As a result of the study, it was found that the state of periodontal tissues in the 6th group according to the index of bleeding Mühlemann and Son was (9.21±2.33) %, and by the end of the study reached (5.49±1.63) %, in the 5th group – from (11.29±1.98) to (5.31±1.62) %; in the 2nd group, the indicators for the index of bleeding decreased from (11.67±0.69) to (5.00±0.28) %. In the groups, there was a decrease in the survival of hygienic knowledge, which determined the need for dental education among the population in different age groups.

Conclusion. Application of individual hygienic programs of prevention of dental diseases on the basis of consistently performed hygienic procedures using various means of oral hygiene confirms the effectiveness of the activities taking into account personal hygiene indicators and dental status.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

The article describes the observation of successful total hip arthroplasty in the patient with atrophic bilateral nonunion of femoral neck with end stage renal disease.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.