The article is coincided with the anniversary – 80 years after appellation of the nameof I. P. Pavlov to the First Saint Petersburg State Medical University. The paper describes the scientific path of the first Nobel laureate of Russia. The article highlighted the most important achievements in the field of physiology. The article highlighted the pedagogical
activity of I. P. Pavlov, named his outstanding disciples and followers.

This article analyzes the sources of national and foreign
literature on methodologies of testicular biopsy (TESA, TESE
and microTESE), their effectiveness in terms of frequency of
detection of sperm and probability of postoperative compli
cations in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. It also
provides information about a new modification of the method of
microTESE using Narrow Band Imaging (NBI).

The key moments of pathogenesis of uterine myoma, influence of steroid hormones and their receptors on regulation of growth of uterine myoma are reflected in the article, the
preparations used for preoperative training of patients with uterine myomaand peculiarities of their impact on endometrium are analyzed

We prove the need to create the regional system of air medical service in St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region.We describe the mechanism of managing the medical service transport system which includes patients’ evacuation both by automobile and aviation. We offer algorithms of assessing the cost effectiveness of air medical service both at the time of treatment and making the patient able to work and during the entire period of his
participation in social labor activities. This project is being implemented since 2014. Data in the article are provided on the basis of actually realized flights by helicopter center LLC
«Helidrive» which took part in pilot project.

Reduction in antioxidant status with low activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase red blood cells at a low level of reduced glutathione
in the background and increased NOx levels in blood plasmawas detected in patients with systematic connective tissue and joint diseases: rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Detected violations are not correlated with the activity of the
process, and seropositivity.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of genetic polymorphisms of hemostasis system and age on the level of fibrinogen in patients against taking of combined oral contraceptives (COCs). As the results of our study, taking COCs has no significant effect on the level of fibrinogen. Other factors that increase the level of fibrinogen within the reference values: age and homozygous state of polymorphisms in
fibrinogen genes (455 A/A), platelet receptors GP IIb/IIIa (1565 C/C) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (677 T/T).

Study of inflammatory markers of vascular wall in nenets population showed access of adopted reference values that can indicate serious violations of hemostasis system. However, apparent increase of inflammatory markers of vascular wall in blood can also give evidence of genetic traits of studied population and of necessity of review of reference values of inflammatory markers for studied population of native ethnos of the Arctic Region that is warrant further investigation.

Submitted data detected miscellaneous changes of life quality indicators of patients with cardiovascular pathology who took part in cardiorehabilitation programmes of various duration. Рatientsinvolved in programme of shortterm (inpatient) walking sessions showed improvement of tolerance of stress test, anxiety decrease, quality of life (physical and social functioning, vitality) improvement. Quality of life improvement is correlated to increase in figures of final exercise tolerance test. Body mass index, waist circumference size, state anxiety reduced in patients who took part in 6month aerobic treadmill and aquatraining programme. Regardless of the fact that changes in tolerance of exercise tolerance test were not detected, patients’ quality of life as well as their physical functioning and vitality increased. Patients also saw improvements in emotional and social functioning, general health.

As a result of ASCOD phenotyping of 238 ischemic stroke (IS) patients with extracranial arteries atherosclerosis (AS) versus TOAST it is determined that ASCOD is useful to assess the contribution of the ethiopathogenetic mechanisms (EPM) and their combinations in development of IS including AS of low grades and subclinical microvascular complication that is important for development of strategies of phenotypeoriented therapy and preventive IS treatment.Combination of EPM with increase of total ASC score>5 is associated with decreaseof overall survival maybe taken into account when predicting IS outcomes.

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is а chronic BCRABL–negative myeloproliferative disorder with progressive clinical course. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only treatment option
in patients with PMF with curative potential. Most of PMF patients have active disease phase at the moment of alloHSCT. The Januskinase inhibitor ruxolitinib is effective in decreasing
of tumor mass before alloHSCT. Here we report our experience in administration of ruxolitinib as pre and posttransplant therapy of patients with PMF as well as patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia with transformation into myelofibrosis.

In the article the ocular surface was assessed in groups of patients with and without pseudoexfoliative syndrome. Tear secretion (Schirmer test II) and break up time reduction and significant damage of conjunctiva surface (staining with fluorescein) weremarked in group of patients with pseudoexfoliative syndrome. According to questionnaire which reflects index of damage of ocular surface, clinical implications of ocular surface disease was higher in group of patients with pseudoexfoliative syndrome.

Carotid artery endarterectomy (KEAE) is a worldwide standard operation in revascularization of brain. KEAE methodology is wellknown, proven and used in many health care facilities.
The aim of our examination was: 1) to study anatomic changes of plastic zone of arteriotomic opening when making plastic repair of the latter with autovein patch; 2) to estimate geometric stability of plastic zone of arteriotomy of autovein patch with eversion technique carotid endarterectomy. According to received data, patients with classic carotid endarterectomy, using the autovein patch, has a predisposition to aneurysmatical transformation of plastic zone, with forming of maximal extension in the zone of bifurcation of CCA. Herewith, blood flow in the zone of maximal extension became turbulent with significant speed losses. In group with the eversion carotid endarterectomy, zone dilatation was not detected, despite all factors which trigger forming of dilatation of plastic zone among patients with autovein plastic repair.

To track longterm outcomes of primary total hip replacement in elderly patients with various fractures of the trochanteric region. We studied the retrospective results of surgical treatment of 62 patients with fractures of the trochanteric region of the femur, who underwent primary total hip replacement. Patients were divided into two groups. 1–58 (72.5 %) patients with stable fractures, 2–22 (27.5 %) patients with unstable fractures. The functionality results have been evaluated on Harris scale before the injury and after surgery. Satisfactory functional parameters detected in all 44 patients operated on in the first group. In the second group: satisfactory performance were observed in 16 (88.8 %) of 18 patients. The results of hip replacement in elderly patients with stable fractures pertrochanteric allow to speak about the effectiveness of this type of surgery. Endoprosthesis of transtrochanteric unstable fractures requires further study because of the extremely high frequency of postoperative complications (up 88.8 %). Reconstruction of the large and small trochanter is important to improve the biomechanics of periprosthetic fractures in transtrochanteric arthroplasty. Locking of 8shaped wire loop around the bone fragments of the large and small trochanter ensures the stability of the endoprosthesis.

The influence of anesthetics, namelydexmeditomidine (Dexdor®, «Orion PharmaLtd.») and propofol (Propofol®, «Fresenius Kabi Ltd.»), on a photoinduced lysis of human red blood cells was under study in conditions close to the physiological ones (pH 7,4, 37 oC) using radachlorin (Radachlorin® «Radapharma Ltd.») as a photosensitizer. The «red» diode served as a source of light (658 nm). After irradiation (1.15 J/sm2.s) the process of haemolysis was monitored by a photometry, and a value T50 was measured, that is a period of time from the irradiation ending to the 50 % lysis of red blood cells in an incubation mixture. Dexmeditomidine in all concentrations tested, including the therapeutic range, failed to influence the T50 value. Propofol in the therapeutic range of its concentrations caused significant but doseindependent increase of T50 that is an evidence of the preparation antioxidant action. The absence of the dexmeditomidine «interference» into the mechanism of a photo dynamic effect can be considered as an advantage of this
anesthetic properly for the medical support of a photodynamic therapy.

This article presents results of study in prevalence and usage intensity of mobile phones among students. Within the study questionnaire survey in several stages took place during a period of 12 years. More than 2000 people were questioned. All collected data were analyzed and the most important tendencies in risk factor prevalence were detected.