Общие принципы профилактики и лечения осложнений чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомы (обзор литературы)

Приведен обзор современных методов профилактики и лечения осложнений, возникающих после формирования чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомы. Рассмотрены представленные в современной литературе взгляды исследователей как на проблему в целом, так и на дискуссионные вопросы, касающиеся причин развития, мер профилактики и способов лечения осложнений чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомы, таких как засорение гастростомической трубки, нагноение послеоперационной раны, некротический фасциит, пневмоперитонеум, бампер-синдром, рост грануляций в зоне гастростомы, послеоперационное кровотечение и внутристеночная гематома стенки желудка, травматическая дислокация гастростомической трубки, перитонит после чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомы, перистомальная несостоятельность, толстокишечный свищ, ранение печени и имплантационный метастаз в канале чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомы. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение данной проблемы с проведением рандомизированных контролируемых клинических исследований.

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