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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-4-71-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Персонализированное медицинское сопровождение юных спортсменов после спленэктомии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Personalized medical support for young athletes after splenectomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цецема</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsetsema</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цецема Надежда Сергеевна, ассистент кафедры физических методов лечения и спортивной медицины факультета последипломного образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tsetsema Nadezhda S., Assistant of the Department of Physical Methods of Treatment and Sport Medicine of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adine@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0473-0807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успенская</surname><given-names>Ю. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uspenskaia</surname><given-names>Iu. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Успенская Юлия Константиновна, ассистент кафедры физических методов лечения и спортивной медицины факультета последипломного образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uspenskaia Iuliia K., Assistant of the Department of Physical Methods of Treatment and Sport Medicine of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uju.spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-7850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матвеев Сергей Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физических методов лечения и спортивной медицины факультета последипломного образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Matveev Sergei V., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Physical Methods of Treatment and Sport Medicine of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">msv58@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цецема Н.С., Успенская Ю.К., Матвеев С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цецема Н.С., Успенская Ю.К., Матвеев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsetsema N.S., Uspenskaia I.K., Matveev S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/993">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/993</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Определена актуальность проблемы – увеличение числа пациентов, перенесших спленэктомию, при отсутствии в настоящее время разработанных методических (клинических) рекомендаций по вопросам допуска к тренировочным и соревновательным мероприятиям.</p><p>Цель – разработка критериев допуска к тренировочным и соревновательным мероприятиям, определение кратности и объема медицинских осмотров для данной категории лиц.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. Проведен анализ источников отечественных и зарубежных авторов по ведению пациентов после спленэктомии. Выполнен сбор подробного анамнеза жизни, заболевания, спортивного анамнеза, сведений об отягощенной наследственности по развитию заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы, желудочно-кишечного тракта, органов кроветворения, анализ выписного эпикриза стационарного лечения, оценка данных лабораторных и инструментальных исследований (в частности, ультразвукового исследования органов брюшной полости), ЭКГ с физической нагрузкой, пробы с физической нагрузкой (Мартине – Кушелевского) у двух спортсменов, перенесших спленэктомию вследствие различных причин (тупая травма живота, разрыв селезенки у спортсмена А. Н., 14 лет, микросфероцитарная гемолитическая анемия Минковского – Шоффара, осложненная сепсисом, у спортсмена Н. В., 12 лет). Оценены функциональные показатели тренированности с учетом этапа спортивной подготовки, результаты врачебно-педагогических наблюдений в ходе тренировочного процесса до и после оперативного вмешательства.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В клиническом анализе крови спортсмена А. Н. выявлен незначительный лейкоцитоз (лейкоциты – 10,94∙109/л), тромбоцитоз (тромбоциты – 669∙109/л), без наличия изменений в эритроне, эритроциты – 5,46∙1012/л, гемоглобин – 136 г/л, гематокрит – 42,3 %, нейтрофилы – 4,53∙109/л, лимфоциты – 5,33∙109/л. Лейкоцитарная формула по микроскопии без значимых патологических сдвигов. Подтвержден диагноз: «Реактивный тромбоцитоз. Состояние после спленэктомии». По результатам УМО абсолютных противопоказаний к тренировочным и соревновательным мероприятиям по футболу не выявлено. Спортсменом получено медицинское заключение о допуске к тренировкам и соревнованиям. В клиническом анализе крови спортсмена Н. В. при обследовании выявлено: эритроциты – 5,44∙1012/л, гемоглобин – 163 г/л, гематокрит – 44,4 %, лейкоциты– 12,2∙109/л, нейтрофилы – 3,8∙109/л, лимфоциты – 6,4∙109/л, тромбоциты 515∙109/л. Он взят на диспансерный учет врача-гематолога с диагнозом: «Наследственный сфероцитоз, компенсация гемолиза. Состояние после спленэктомии». В связи с отсутствием абсолютных противопоказаний к тренировочным и соревновательным мероприятиям по футболу спортсмену выдано медицинское заключение о допуске к тренировкам и соревнованиям.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Наличие спленэктомии в анамнезе не является абсолютным противопоказанием для занятий спортом. Ведение спортсмена после спленэктомии требует индивидуального подхода с учетом возраста, вида спорта и этапа спортивной подготовки, наличия хронических заболеваний и/или изменений в физикальных, инструментальных и лабораторных исследованиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of the problem is determined – an increase in the number of patients who underwent splenectomy, in the absence of currently developed methodological (clinical) recommendations on admission to training and competitive events.</p><p>The objective was to develop criteria for admission to training and competitive events, to determine the frequency and volume of medical examinations for this category of persons.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and materials</title><p>Methods and materials. The analysis of the sources of domestic and foreign authors on the management of patients after splenectomy was carried out. We collected the detailed life history, disease history, sports history, information about family history for the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, hematopoietic organs, analysis of the hospital discharge summary, data evaluation from laboratory and instrumental studies (particularly, ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs), ECG with exercise, exercise tests (Martinet-Kushelevsky) in two athletes who underwent splenectomy due to various reasons (blunt abdominal trauma, the spleen rupture in athlete A. N., 14 years old, microspherocytic hemolytic Minkowski-Choffard anemia complicated by sepsis in athlete N. V., 12 years old). The functional fitness indicators taking into account the sports training stage, the results of medical and pedagogical observations during the training process before and after surgery were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the clinical blood analysis of athlete A. N., there was a slight leukocytosis (leukocytes- 10.94∙109/l), thrombocytosis (platelets – 669∙109/l), no changes in erythron, erythrocytes- 5.46∙1012/l, hemoglobin – 136 g/l, hematocrit – 42.3 %, neutrophils – 4.53∙109/l, lymphocytes – 5.33∙109l. Leukocyte formula by microscopy was without significant pathological changes. The diagnosis was confirmed as: “Reactive thrombocytosis. Condition after splenectomy”. According to the results of IME, there were no absolute contraindications to training and competitive football activities. The athlete received a medical certificate of admission to training and competitive events. In the clinical blood analysis of athlete N.V., there was: erythrocytes – 5.44∙1012/l, hemoglobin – 163 g/l, hematocrit – 44.4 %, leukocytes – 12.2∙109/l, neutrophils – 3.8∙109/l, lymphocytes – 6.4∙109/l, platelets – 515∙109/l. He was taken to the regular medical check-up of a hematologist with the diagnosis: “Hereditary spherocytosis, hemolysis compensation. Condition after splenectomy”. Due to the absence of absolute contraindications for training and competitive football events, the athlete was issued the medical certificate on admission to training and competitive events.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A splenectomy history is not an absolute contraindication to sports. The management of an athlete after splenectomy requires an individual approach, taking into account age, sport and stage of sports training, the presence of chronic diseases and/or changes in physical, instrumental and laboratory studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спортивная медицина</kwd><kwd>спортсмены</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>спленэктомия</kwd><kwd>медицинский осмотр</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sports medicine</kwd><kwd>athletes</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>splenectomy</kwd><kwd>medical examination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приказ Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации от 23.10.2020 г. № 1144н «Об утверждении порядка организации оказания медицинской помощи лицам, занимающимся физической культурой и спортом». 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