uzspbgmuУчёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. ПавловаThe Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University1607-41812541-8807Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-2-69-76uzspbgmu-949Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESЛипопротеины высокой плотности: метаболизм, биологические функции и риск сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Часть 1High Density Lipoproteins: Metabolism, Biological Functions and Risk of cardiovascular pathologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-7285СмирноваН. Н.SmirnovaN. N.

Смирнова Наталия Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой педиатрии

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197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8

Smirnova Natalia N., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics

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6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 19702

nephro-uro-kids@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3419КуприенкоН. Б.KuprienkoN. B.

Куприенко Наталья Борисовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии

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Санкт-Петербург

Kuprienko Natalia B., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics

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Saint Petersburg

nephro-uro-kids@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-372XУразгильдееваС. А.UrazgildeevaS. A.

Уразгильдеева Сорейя Асафовна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела атеросклероза научно-клинического и образовательного центра «Кардиология»

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Санкт-Петербург

Urazgildeeva Soreiia A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Fellow of the Department of Atherosclerosis of the Scientific-Clinical and Educational Center «Cardiology»

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Saint Petersburg

nephro-uro-kids@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPavlov UniversityRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»РоссияSt Petersburg UniversityRussian Federation2023020820233026976Copyright © Смирнова Н.Н., Куприенко Н.Б., Уразгильдеева С.А., 20232023Смирнова Н.Н., Куприенко Н.Б., Уразгильдеева С.А.Smirnova N.N., Kuprienko N.B., Urazgildeeva S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/949

Высокий уровень липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛВП) в плазме крови традиционно считался антиатерогенным фактором, однако эта точка зрения не всегда подтверждается данными эпидемиологических и генетических исследований. Значительно большее значение имеют функции липопротеинов, основная из которых – осуществление обратного тока холестерина (ОТХ) из клеток в печень. В первой части обзора приведена последовательность перемещения холестерина в составе ЛВП, показана значимость каждого звена этой цепи для развития атеросклероза; приведены основные методы определения ОТХ. Во второй части будут рассмотрены изменения структуры и функции ЛВП, играющие важную роль в патогенезе ряда хронических заболеваний, так или иначе стимулирующих развитие атеросклероза.

High levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in blood plasma have traditionally been considered an anti-atherogenic factor, but this opinion is not always supported by epidemiological and genetic studies. The functions of lipoproteins are of much greater importance, the main of which is the implementation of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from cells to the liver. The part 1 of the review presents the sequence of passage of cholesterol in HDL, shows the importance of each link in this chain for the development of atherosclerosis; the main methods for determining RCT are given. Changes in the structure and function of HDL, which play the important role in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases that in one way or another stimulate the development of atherosclerosis, are considered in part 2 of the review.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.