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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2022-29-2-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-880</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариантная анатомия формы полости и внутреннего рельефа стенок левого ушка сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomy of the shape of the cavity and the internal relief of the walls of the left atrial appendage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-7537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гапонов Антон Александрович, ассистент кафедры анатомии человека </p><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gaponov Anton A., Assistant of the Department of Human Anatomy </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gagaponov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-2895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iakimov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якимов Андрей Аркадьевич, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анатомии человека</p><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iakimov Andrei A., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Human Anatomy </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ayakimov07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гапонов А.А., Якимов А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гапонов А.А., Якимов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaponov A.A., Iakimov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/880">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/880</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Необходимость сопоставления формы полости левого ушка сердца с особенностями его внутреннего рельефа связана с поиском анатомических паттернов левого предсердия, наиболее вероятных по тромбообразованию в ушке и ассоциированных с высоким тромбоэмболическим риском из этой камеры.</p><p>Цель – изучить особенности внутреннего рельефа стенок левого ушка сердца взрослого человека и выявить зависимость этих особенностей от размеров и формы полости ушка.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. На 68 силиконовых слепках левого предсердия мужчин и женщин 35–89 лет, умерших от причин, не связанных с болезнями сердца, штангенциркулем измеряли длину и ширину левого ушка сердца, определяли форму его полости, число долей и межтрабекулярных пространств. Долю площади, занятой этими пространствами и гребенчатыми мышцами, оценивали в пикселах по фотографиям передне-верхней поверхности левого ушка сердца в программе «Image J» (2019). Использовали корреляционный анализ, U-критерий Манна – Уитни.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Двухдолевые ушки были отмечены чаще, чем однодолевые и трехдолевые. Число межтрабекулярных пространств варьировало от 4 до 41 (медиана – 21), у однодолевых ушек было меньше, чем у двухдолевых и трехдолевых. Этот параметр у ушек в форме куриного крыла был больше, чем на препаратах в форме наконечника стрелы (23 vs 18, р=0,004). Доля площади, занятой гребенчатыми мышцами и межтрабекулярными пространствами, в левом ушке сердца составила 47 % (16–83 %) и не зависела от формы полости и числа долей ушка.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Число межтрабекулярных пространств стенок левого ушка сердца коррелировало с его длиной и шириной и было наименьшим в однодолевых ушках и в ушках формы наконечника стрелы. Максимальное число межтрабекулярных пространств было характерно для левого ушка сердца, имевшего форму куриного крыла.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The evaluation of the shape of the left atrial appendage into interconnection with the internal relief of its wall is of an importance for discovering anatomical patterns of the left atrium, which appears to be the most thrombogenic and are associated with a high thromboembolic risk from this chamber.</p><p>The objective was to study features of the internal relief of the walls of the left atrial appendage of the adult heart and to find the dependence of these features on the size and shape of the appendage.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and material</title><p>Methods and material. We studied 68 left atrial silicone casts prepared from the hearts of 35–89 years men and women died from non-cardiac causes. By means a caliper, we measured the length and width of the cavity of the left atrial appendage, determined the shape, the number of lobes and intertrabecular spaces. With Image J program, we estimated the proportion of the area occupied by these spaces and pectinate muscles in pixels from photographs of the anterosuperior surface of the appendage. We used correlation analysis, Mann–Whitney U-test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We found two-lobed appendages commonly than single-lobed and three-lobed. The number of intertrabecular spaces was 4–41 (median 21), with one-lobed appendages having fewer than twoand three-lobed. The same parameter was higher in the «chicken wing» than in the «arrowhead» specimens (23 vs 18, p=0.004). The proportion of the area occupied by the pectinate muscles and intertrabecular spaces in the left atrial appendage was 47 % (16–83 %) and showed none association with the shape of the cavity and the number of lobes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The number of intertrabecular spaces in the walls of the left atrial appendage correlated with its length and width and was the smallest in single-lobed specimens and in the appendages of the «arrowhead» shape. The abundant intertrabecular spaces were common for «chicken wing» variant of the left atrial appendage.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анатомия человека</kwd><kwd>анатомия сердца</kwd><kwd>предсердия</kwd><kwd>ушки сердца</kwd><kwd>гребенчатые мышцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human anatomy</kwd><kwd>heart anatomy</kwd><kwd>heart atria</kwd><kwd>atrial appendage</kwd><kwd>pectinate muscles</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Saady N. M., Obel O. A., Camm A. J. Left atrial appendage: structure, function, and role in thromboembolism // Heart. – 1999. – Vol. 82, № 5. – Р. 547–554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Saady N.M., Obel O.A., Camm A.J. Left atrial appendage: structure, function, and role in thromboembolism. 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