uzspbgmuУчёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. ПавловаThe Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University1607-41812541-8807Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University10.24884/1607-4181-2021-28-4-22-28uzspbgmu-853Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESФосфолипаза А2 яда гадюковых. Биохимические мишени для действия белка в кровяном русле человека. Часть 1 (обзор литературы)Viperidae snake venom phospholipase A2 . Biochemical targets for the action of protein in the human blood circulatory system. Part 1 (review of literature)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-5257ГалебскаяЛ. В.GalebskayaL. V.

Галебская Людвига Вячеславовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры биологической химии

Санкт-Петербург

Galebskaya Lyudviga V., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-6336ВасинаЛ. В.VasinaL. V.

Васина Любовь Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой биологической химии

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8

Vasina Lyubov V., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Biological Chemistry

6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022

lubov.vasina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-5580ГалкинМ. А.GalkinM. A.

Галкин Михаил Александрович, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологической химии

Санкт-Петербург

Galkin Mikhail A., Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Assistant Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3251-0481ТарасоваЮ. В.TarasovaYu. V.

Тарасова Юлия Викторовна, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологической химии

Санкт-Петербург

Tarasova Yuliya V., Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Assistant Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry

Saint Petersburg

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPavlov UniversityRussian Federation2021240220222842228Copyright © Галебская Л.В., Васина Л.В., Галкин М.А., Тарасова Ю.В., 20222022Галебская Л.В., Васина Л.В., Галкин М.А., Тарасова Ю.В.Galebskaya L.V., Vasina L.V., Galkin M.A., Tarasova Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/853

Неослабевающий в течение десятилетий интерес научного сообщества к змеиным ядам обусловлен двумя причинами. Во-первых, от укусов змей ежегодно умирает большое количество людей. Во-вторых, многочисленные компоненты змеиных ядов находят все бóльшее применение в медицине и терапии целого ряда заболеваний. Фосфолипазы A2 змеиных ядов являются одними из наиболее агрессивных токсических белков, часто играя основную роль в иммобилизации и умерщвлении жертвы змеиного укуса. Эти ферменты катализируют реакцию гидролиза глицерофосфолипидов до жирных кислот и лизоглицерофосфолипидов. Однако разнообразие эффектов фосфолипаз не ограничивается только каталитическим действием. В обзоре (часть 1) рассмотрены особенности строения и свойства фосфолипаз яда змей семейства гадюковых.

Snake venoms have been fervently studied for decades for two reasons: 1) high death rate due to snake bites; 2) numerous components of snake venoms prove useful in medicine and treatment of diverse pathologies. Snake venom phospholipases A2 are among the most aggressive toxic proteins often playing the main role in immobilization and killing of snakebite victims. These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids to produce lysoglycerophospholipids and free fatty acids. But the diversity of phospholipase A2 effects is not limited to their catalytic action. In this review (Part 1), we describe the features of the structure and properties of Viperidae snake venom phospholipase A2 .

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.