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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2020-27-2-72-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSERVATION FROM PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Центральный понтинный и экстрапонтинный миелинолиз: обзор литературы и собственное наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central pontine myelinolysis and extrapontine myelinolysis: literature review and case report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-4471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевелева</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheveleva</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевелева Екатерина Максимовна - ординатор 2-го года обучения кафедры неврологии.197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sheveleva Ekaterina M. - 2-year Resident of the Department of Neurology, Pavlov University.6-8, L'va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-1512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заславский</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaslavskii</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заславский Леонид Григорьевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии, ПСПбГМУ им. И.П. Павлова; заведующий отделением неврологии, ЛОКБ.197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaslavskii Leonid G. - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Neurology, Pavlov University; Head of the Department of Neurology, Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital.6-8, L'va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Doctorleonid@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковеленов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovelenov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковеленов Александр Геннадьевич - врач-рентгенолог отделения МРТ.Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kovelenov Alexander G. - Radiologist of the MRI Department, Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital.Saint Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-4370</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скорнякова</surname><given-names>Е. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorniakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скорнякова Евгения Алексеевна - врач-невролог отделения неврологии.Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Skorniakova Evgeniia A. - Neurologist of the Department of Neurology, Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital.Saint Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pavlov University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Ленинградская областная клиническая больница (ЛОКБ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pavlov University; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ленинградская областная клиническая больница (ЛОКБ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевелева Е.М., Заславский Л.Г., Ковеленов А.Г., Скорнякова Е.A., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевелева Е.М., Заславский Л.Г., Ковеленов А.Г., Скорнякова Е.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sheveleva E.M., Zaslavskii L.G., Kovelenov A.G., Skorniakova E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/705">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/705</self-uri><abstract><p>Центральный понтинный миелинолиз (ЦПМ) — это ограниченная, симметричная, невоспалительная демиелинизация в области средней части основания моста. У 10 % пациентов с ЦПМ демиелинизация возникает и за пределами моста: средний мозг, таламус, базальные ганглии и мозжечок. Демиелинизация возникает в области наиболее близкого соприкосновения белого и серого вещества в результате клеточного отека, вызванного резкой сменой осмотического градиента, самая частая причина которой — быстрая терапия хронической гипонатриемии. В представленном случае наблюдается сочетание центрального понтинного и экстрапонтинного миелинолиза у женщины 71 года, которое возникло после быстрой коррекции хронической гипонатриемии, развившейся на фоне длительной бессолевой диеты, бесконтрольного приема диуретиков и перегревания. Диагноз был подтвержден результатами магнитно-резонансной томографии. Проведенная терапия привела к значительному уменьшению неврологического дефицита.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a concentrated, symmetric, non-inflammatory demyelination within the central basis pontis. In 10 % of patients with СРМ, demyelination also occurs in extrapontine regions: the mid brain, thalamus, basal nuclei, and cerebellum. Demyelination occurs in regions of compact interdigitation of white and gray matter as a result of cellular edema, which is caused by fluctuating osmotic forces, results in compression of fiber tracts. The most frequent cause of abrupt change in osmotic pressure is the rapid sodium correction of prolonged hyponatremia. In case that we report, there is a combination of central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis, which occurs in 71-year-old woman owing to rapid sodium correction of prolonged hyponatremia which by turn developed due to salt-free diet, improper antihypertensive therapy and overheating. The diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The treatment led to significant decrease of neurological deficit.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральный понтинный миелинолиз</kwd><kwd>экстрапонтинный миелинолиз</kwd><kwd>бессолевая диета</kwd><kwd>передозировка Фуросемида</kwd><kwd>агрессивная терапия хронической гипонатриемии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central pontine myelinolysis</kwd><kwd>extrapontine myelinolysis</kwd><kwd>salt-free diet</kwd><kwd>overdose of Furosemide</kwd><kwd>rapid correction of prolonged hyponatremia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams R. D., Victor M., Mancall E. L. Central pontine myelinolysis: a hitherto undescribed disease occurring in alcoholic and malnourished patients // AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry. - 1959. - № 81 (2). - Р 154-172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams R. D., Victor M., Mancall E. L. 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