<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2018-25-1-45-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-421</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЭНДЕМИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБСТРУКТИВНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ЛЕГКИХ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КОМИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDEMIC RISK FACTORS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN THE KOMI REPUBLIC</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">79112156330@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">trofvi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапчук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapchuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">apotapchuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заровкина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarovkina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University» St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крылова Ю.Г., Трофимов В.И., Потапчук А.А., Заровкина Л.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крылова Ю.Г., Трофимов В.И., Потапчук А.А., Заровкина Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krylova Y.G., Trofimov V.I., Potapchuk A.A., Zarovkina L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/421">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/421</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) является одним из наиболее распространенных заболеваний легких. Важной особенностью условий возникновения ХОБЛ является длительное воздействие этиологических факторов и факторов риска. Выявление этих факторов актуально и необходимо для своевременной постановки диагноза, назначения адекватного лечения, совершенствования профилактической работы. Цель – показать негативное влияние отдельных этиологических факторов и факторов риска ХОБЛ среди взрослого населения одного из регионов Республики Коми за период 2013–2016 гг. Материал и методы. Были изучены материалы диспансеризации взрослого населения пгт Жешарт Республики Коми за четыре года, с 2013 по 2016 г. Пациенты были разделены на три возрастные группы: от 21 до 36 лет, от 39 до 60 лет, от 60 лет и старше; мужчины и женщины. Среди неблагоприятных этиологических факторов и факторов риска особое внимание было обращено на климат, курение, низкую физическую активность, нерациональное питание. Результаты. Для Республики Коми характерен холодный и суровый климат. Неблагоприятные климатические факторы способствуют развитию ХОБЛ, особенно у пациентов с генетической предрасположенностью к легочным заболеваниям. Среди населения высок процент курящих, причем курящих мужчин в среднем на 40,6 % больше, чем курящих женщин. Курение отмечается преимущественно в возрасте от 21 до 36 лет. На стабильно высоком уровне держится количество пациентов с низкой физической активностью. Число женщин с низкой физической активностью в 2 и более раза превышает число мужчин. Наибольший процент пациентов с низкой физической активностью (а также с нерациональным питанием) отмечается в возрасте 39–60 лет. Тревожной тенденцией является распространенность нерационального питания. Количество женщин, питающихся нерационально, превышает количество мужчин в 1,5–2 раза. Меньше всего пациентов с нерациональным питанием в возрасте 21–36 лет. Выводы. Серьезными факторами риска ХОБЛ являются негативные климатические условия, низкая физическая активность, курение, нерациональное питание. Для пациентов с ХОБЛ необходима легочная реабилитация. Основой легочной реабилитации является физическая нагрузка. Выявление и учет факторов риска ХОБЛ имеют важное значение для совершенствования профилактической работы, ранней диагностики и назначения адекватного терапевтического лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the most widespread pulmonary diseases. The important feature of conditions of emergence of COPD is long influence of etiological factors and risk factors. Detection of risk factors is urgent and necessary for well-timed diagnosis, purpose of adequate treatment, improvement of scheduled maintenance. The objective is to show the negative impact of individual etiological factors and of risk factors of COPD among adult population in one of the regions of the Komi Republic for the 2013–2016 period. Material and methods. Materials of medical examination among the adult population in the urban-type settlement Zheshart of the Komi Republic for the period of 2013–2016. The patients were divided into three age groups: from 21 to 36 years, from 39 to 60 years, from 60 years and older; men and women. Among the unfavorable etiological and risk factors a special attention was paid to climate, smoking, low physical activity, irrational nutrition. Results. The Komi Republic is characterized by a cold and severe climate. The adverse climatic factors promote development of COPD, especially in patients with genetic predisposition to pulmonary diseases. The percentage of smokers is high among the population and male smokers on average by 40.6 % more than women smokers. Smoking is mainly common at the age from 21 years old up to 36 years old. The number of patients with low physical activity remains at steadily high level. The number of women with low physical activity exceeds number of men in two and more times. Most of all patients with low physical activity (as well as with irrational nutrition) are noted at the age of 39–60 years. An alarming tendency is prevalence of an irrational nutrition. The number of the women eating irrationally exceeds the number of men in 1.5 -2 times. The number of patients with irrational nutrition is less at the age of 21–36 years. Conclusions. The serious risk factors of COPD are negative climatic conditions, low physical activity, smoking, irrational nutrition. Pulmonary rehabilitation is necessary for patients with COPD. A basis of pulmonary rehabilitation is the physical exercises. Identification and accounting of risk factors of COPD is important for improvement of scheduled maintenance, early diagnostics and purpose of adequate therapeutic treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>климат</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>физическая активность</kwd><kwd>нерациональное питание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>climatic</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>physical activity</kwd><kwd>irrational nutrition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mannino D. M., Buist A. S. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends // Lancet. – 2007. – № 370. – P. 765–773.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mannino D.M., Buist A.S. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends// Lancet.2007. V.370.P.765-773</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черняк Б. А. Эпидемиология хронической обструктивной болезни легких // Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких: монография / под ред. А. Г. Чучалина. – М.: Атмосфера, 2008. – С. 13–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernyak B. A. Epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Ed. Chuchalina A. G. (Series of monographs of the Russian Respiratory Society). – M.: Atmosphere Publishing House, 2008, s.13-28</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative For Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. – Updated 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Initiative For Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Updated 2011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перельман Ю. П., Колосов В. П., Приходько А. Г. Влияние климатических факторов на формирование и течение хронической обструктивной болезни легких // Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких: монография / под ред. А. Г. Чучалина. – М.: Атмосфера, 2008. – С. 62–63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perelman, Y. P., Kolosov V. P., Prikhodko A. G. The Influence of climatic factors on the formation and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease /Ed. Chuchalina A. G. (Series of monographs of the Russian Respiratory Society). – M.: Atmosphere Publishing House, 2008, s.62-63</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desai S. R., Ryan S. M., Colby T. V. Smoking-related interstitial lung diseases: Histopathological and imaging perspectives // Clin. Radiol. – 2003. – № 58. – P. 259–268.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desai S.R., Ryan S.M., Colby T.V. Smoking- related interstitial lung diseases: Histopathological and imaging perspectives//Clin.Radiol.2003.V.58.P.259-268</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оценка физической активности у больных ХОБЛ: Рекомендации Европейского респираторного общества // Пульмонология. – 2015. – Т. 25. – № 3. – С. 277–290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evaluation of physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recommendations of European Respiratory Society//Pulmonologiya, № 3,2015, с.277-290</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esteban C., Quintana J. M., Aburto M. et al. The health, activity, dyspnea, obstruction, age, and hospitalization: prognostic score for stable COPD patients // Respir. Med. – 2011. – № 105. – P. 1662–1670.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esteban C., Quintana J.M., Aburto M. et. al. The health, activity, dyspnea, obstruction, age, and hospitalization: prognostic score for stable COPD patients. Respir. Med. 2011; 105:1662-1670</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Remoortel H., Hornikx M., Demeyer H. et al. Daily physical activity in subjects with newly diagnosed COPD // Thorax. – 2013. – № 68. – Р. 962–963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Remoortel H, Hornikx M, Demeyer H, et al. Daily physical activity in subjects with newly diagnosed COPD. Thorax 2013; 68: 962–963.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Louvaris Z., Vogiatzis I. Physiological basis of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in patients with lung or heart disease // Breathe. – 2015. – Vol. 11. – № 2. – Р. 121–127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Louvaris Z., Vogiatzis I. Physiological basis of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in patients with lung or heart disease. Breathe 2015; ERS V.11, No 2, 121-127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matthews C. E., George S. M., Moore S. C. et al. Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors and cause-speciﬁc mortality in US adults // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. – 2012. – № 95. – Р. 437–445.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matthews C.E., George S.M., Moore S.C. et al. Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors and cause-specific mortality in US adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012; 95:437-445</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Troosters T., van der Molen T., Polkey M. et al. Improving physical activity in COPD: towards a new paradigm // Respir. Res. – 2013. – № 14. – Р. 115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Troosters T, van der Molen T, Polkey M, et al. Improving physical activity in COPD: towards a new paradigm. Respir. Res. 2013; 14: 115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nici L., Donner C., Wouters E. et al. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement on pulmonary rehabilitation // Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. – 2006. – № 173. – Р. 1390–1413.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nici L, Donner C, Wouters E, et al. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement on pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 1390–1413</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Troosters T., Casaburi R., Gosselink R. et al. Pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // Am J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. – 2005. – № 172. – Р. 19–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Troosters T, Casaburi R, Gosselink R, et al. Pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J. Respir. Crit. Care Med 2005; 172: 19–38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jonsdottir S., Andersen K. K., Sigurosson A. F. et al. The effect of physical training in chronic heart failure // Eur. J. Heart Fail. – 2006. – № 8. – Р. 97–101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jonsdottir S, Andersen KK, Sigurosson AF, et al. The effect of physical training in chronic heart failure. Eur. J. Heart Fail 2006; 8: 97–101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
