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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2026-33-2-49-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль трансфузионной терапии и альтернативных методик в хирургической санации полости рта у пациентов с тромбоцитопенией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of transfusion therapy and alternative methods in surgical oral sanitation in patients with thrombocytopenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8374-319X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранов Сергей Сергеевич, врач-ординатор кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Baranov Sergey S., Resident Physician, Department of Oral Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery </p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">srg.1710.b@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куга</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuga</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куга Полина Сергеевна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-трансфузиолог НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р. М. Горбачевой </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuga Polina S., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Transfusiologist, R. M. Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Ирина Бембеевна, врач челюстно-лицевой хирург Онкологического отделения № 8 (челюстно-лицевой хирургии)</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Baranova Irina B., Maxillofacial Surgeon, Oncology Department № 8 (Maxillofacial Surgery)</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Певцов</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pevtsov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Певцов Дмитрий Эдуардович, кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель отделения переливания крови НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р. М. Горбачевой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pevtsov Dmitriy E., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Blood Transfusion Department, R. M. Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучер</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucher</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучер Максим Анатольевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, руководитель отдела питания НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р. М. Горбачевой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kucher Maksim A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Nutrition Department, R. M. Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яременко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaremenko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яременко Андрей Ильич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела челюстно-лицевой хирургии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaremenko Andrey I., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery </p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулагин Александр Дмитриевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р. М. Горбачевой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulagin Alexander D., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the R. M. Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,  197022 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранов С.С., Куга П.С., Баранова И.Б., Певцов Д.Э., Кучер М.А., Яременко А.И., Кулагин А.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранов С.С., Куга П.С., Баранова И.Б., Певцов Д.Э., Кучер М.А., Яременко А.И., Кулагин А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranov S.S., Kuga P.S., Baranova I.B., Pevtsov D.E., Kucher M.A., Yaremenko A.I., Kulagin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1272">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1272</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. У пациентов онкологического и гематологического профилей тромбоцитопения существенно осложняет проведение хирургической санации полости рта, необходимой для своевременного начала и продолжения противоопухолевой терапии. Отсутствие единых критериев трансфузионной поддержки и риск постэкстракционных кровотечений определяют необходимость оценки безопасности экстракции зубов в данной группе пациентов.</p><p>Цель – оценить частоту развития луночковых кровотечений после экстракции зубов у пациентов с тромбоцитопенией и их хирургического лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезни 84 пациентов, проходивших лечение в клинике НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р. М. Горбачевой, которым в 2019–2023 гг. выполнено 106 экстракций зубов. Произведена оценка уровня тромбоцитов до и после вмешательства, трансфузионного сопровождения и частоты послеоперационных кровотечений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При уровне тромбоцитов &lt;100×109/л экстракции выполнены в 57 эпизодах; умеренные луночковые кровотечения отмечены в 14 % случаев (n=8), при PLT 6–34×109/л. В 21 эпизоде пациентам были проведены профилактические трансфузии концентрата тромбоцитов до экстракции (PLT 7–39×109/л), в 19 % (n=4) из них было отмечено умеренное постэкстракционное кровотечение. Еще в 3 случаях – после экстракции, несмотря на это, в 1 эпизоде из них у пациента было отмечено умеренное луночковое кровотечение в течение первых суток. Все кровотечения купировались консервативно и не требовали хирургического гемостаза. При PLT≥100×109/л кровотечений не зарегистрировано. В группе без трансфузионного сопровождения в 3 эпизодах (PLT 25–30–34×109/л) после экстракции было отмечено умеренное луночковое кровотечение в первые сутки, которое купировалось самостоятельно.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Риск развития постэкстракционного кровотечения у пациентов с тромбоцитопенией требует проведения хирургической санации полости рта в условиях стационара. В связи с этим увеличивается время, необходимое для подготовки пациента к терапии основного заболевания. Использование компонентов донорской крови позволяет профилактировать развитие постэкстракционного кровотечения, но его не исключает. Применение аллогенных биологических препаратов из компонентов донорской крови в качестве дополнения к имеющимся методикам или в качестве изолированной методики для улучшения местного гемостаза и ускорения заживления представляется перспективным направлением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In patients with oncological and hematological diseases, thrombocytopenia significantly complicates surgical oral sanitation required for the timely initiation and continuation of antitumor therapy. The lack of uniform criteria for transfusion support and the risk of post-extraction bleeding determine the need to assess the safety of tooth extraction in this patient population.</p><p>The objective was to assess the incidence of socket bleeding after tooth extraction in patients with thrombocytopenia and its surgical treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and materials</title><p>Methods and materials. We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 84 patients treated at the R. M. Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, who underwent 106 tooth extractions in 2019–2023. Platelet counts before and after the intervention, transfusion support, and the incidence of postoperative bleeding were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. At platelet counts &lt;100×109/L, extractions were performed in 57 episodes; moderate socket bleeding was observed in 14 % of cases (n=8), at PLT levels of 6–34×109/L. In 21 episodes, patients received prophylactic platelet concentrate transfusions before extraction (PLT 7–39×109/L); moderate post-extraction bleeding was observed in 19 % (n=4) of these cases. In another 3 cases, transfusions were performed after extraction; nevertheless, in 1 of these episodes, the patient developed moderate socket bleeding during the first 24 hours. All bleeding episodes were controlled conservatively and did not require surgical hemostasis. No bleeding was recorded at PLT ≥100×109/L. In the group without transfusion support, moderate socket bleeding was observed during the first 24 hours after extraction in 3 episodes (PLT 25–30–34×109/L) and resolved spontaneously.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The risk of post-extraction bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia requires surgical oral sanitation to be performed in an inpatient setting. Consequently, the time required to prepare the patient for treatment of the underlying disease increases. The use of donor blood components may prevent post-extraction bleeding but does not eliminate its risk. The use of allogeneic biological products derived from donor blood components, as an adjunct to existing methods or as a standalone approach to improve local hemostasis and accelerate healing, appears to be a promising direction.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>хирургическая санация полости рта</kwd><kwd>хроническая одонтогенная инфекция</kwd><kwd>луночковое кровотечение</kwd><kwd>аллогенные биологические препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>surgical oral sanitation</kwd><kwd>chronic odontogenic infection</kwd><kwd>socket bleeding</kwd><kwd>allogeneic biological products</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bollero P., Passarelli P. C., D’Addona A. et al. 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