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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2025-32-3-104-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности дополнительных немедикаментозных методов лечения фантомной боли на первом этапе медицинской реабилитации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of additional non-drug treatments for phantom pain at the first stage of medical rehabilitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0452-3203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлева Мария Борисовна, кандидат психологических наук, ассистент кафедры общей и клинической психологии, медицинский психолог Центра лечения сочетанной травмы</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakovleva Maria B., Cand. of Sci. (Psy.), Assistant of the Department of General and Clinical Psychology, Medical Psychologist of the Polytrauma Treatment Center</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mari-ya2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7979-6811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белаш</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belash</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белаш Василий Алексеевич, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры медицинской реабилитации и адаптивной физической культуры, руководитель отдела реабилитологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belash Vasilii A., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Adaptive Physical Education, Head of the Department of Rehabilitology</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aerobelv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5083-4595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биличенко</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilichenko</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Биличенко Елена Борисовна, ассистент кафедры медицинской реабилитации и адаптивной физической культуры, врач ЛФК центра лечения сочетанной травмы</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bilichenko Elena B., Assistant of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Adaptive Physical Education, Doctor of Physical Therapy of the Polytrauma Treatment Center</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bilichenkoelena7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-4379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теплов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теплов Вадим Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры скорой медицинской помощи и хирургии повреждений, руководитель отдела скорой медицинской помощи</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Teplov Vadim M., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Emergency Medicine and Injury Surgery, Head of the Department of Emergency Medicine</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadteplov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6943-8949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапчук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapchuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапчук Алла Аскольдовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой медицинской реабилитации и адаптивной физической культуры, проректор по воспитательной работе</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Potapchuk Alla A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Adaptive Physical Education, Vice-Rector for Educational Work</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apotapchuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9621-5709</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобзева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobzeva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кобзева Татьяна Максимовна, врач-стажер Центра лечения сочетанной травмы</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kobzeva Tatiana M., Resident Physician of the Polytrauma Treatment Center</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tat.kobz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7254-9734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонова Ольга Васильевна, студентка 5 курса кафедры общей и клинической психологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikonova Olga V., Fifth-year Student of the Department of General and Clinical Psychology</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikonovaolga.2002@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени акад. И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлева М.Б., Белаш В.А., Биличенко Е.Б., Теплов В.М., Потапчук А.А., Кобзева Т.М., Никонова О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлева М.Б., Белаш В.А., Биличенко Е.Б., Теплов В.М., Потапчук А.А., Кобзева Т.М., Никонова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovleva M.B., Belash V.A., Bilichenko E.B., Teplov V.M., Potapchuk A.A., Kobzeva T.M., Nikonova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1193">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1193</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Фантомный болевой синдром (ФБС) затрагивает порядка 85 % пациентов, перенесших ампутацию, и блокирует активное участие пациента в реабилитационных мероприятиях, критически снижая их эффективность. Существующие методы лечения недостаточно эффективны. Рост травматических ампутаций, в том числе вследствие минно-взрывных ранений, требует разработки надежных протоколов лечения ФБС, включающих немедикаментозные методы, реализуемые в рамках мультидисциплинарной реабилитационной команды.</p><p>Цель – сравнить эффективность дополнительных немедикаментозных методов лечения фантомной боли (ФБ) на первом этапе реабилитации пациентов с травматической ампутацией.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. В проспективном рандомизированном исследовании приняли участие 166 пациентов с травматической ампутацией. В группу контроля вошли пациенты, получавшие только базовую терапию ФБС в рамках первого этапа реабилитации: габапентин, ЛФК, тугое бинтование. Четыре опытные группы составили пациенты, получавшие дополнительно в течение 2 недель (10 процедур): транскраниальную электростимуляцию (ТЭС); психотерапию (ПСИ); одномоментно ПСИ и ТЭС; зеркальную терапию (ЗТ). Оценивалась динамика ФБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Дополнительные методы продемонстрировали большую эффективность по сравнению с группой контроля: значительное улучшение (3 и более баллов ВАШ) отмечено у 57 % пациентов против 22 %, умеренное (&lt;3 баллов) – 35 против 56 %, ухудшение – 8 против 22 %. Анализ линейной смешанной модели показал статистически и клинически значимое отличие динамики ФБ в опытных группах от контрольной (F (16, 423,013)=3,542; Partial η2=0,118; p&lt;0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Дополнительные немедикаментозные методы терапии ФБС – ТЭС, ПСИ, ЗТ на раннем этапе медицинской реабилитации – значимо улучшают его течение. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на изучение факторов развития ФБС, определение показаний для отдельных методов и персонализацию протокола лечения ФБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Phantom pain syndrome (PPS) affects approximately 85 % of patients after amputation and inhibits active participation in rehabilitation, critically reducing its effectiveness. Current treatment methods are insufficiently effective. The increasing incidence of traumatic amputations, including those resulting from mine blast injuries, requires the development of reliable PPS treatment protocols that incorporate non-pharmacological methods implemented within a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team.</p><p>The objective was to compare the effectiveness of additional non-pharmacological treatments for PPS during the first stage of rehabilitation of patients with traumatic amputation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and materials</title><p>Methods and materials. A total of 166 patients with traumatic amputations participated in this prospective, randomized study. The control group included patients who received only basic PPS therapy during the first stage of rehabilitation: gabapentin, exercise therapy, and tight bandaging. Four experimental groups comprised patients who additionally received 10 sessions of the following for two weeks: transcranial electrical stimulation (TES); psychotherapy (PSI); simultaneous PSI and TES; and mirror therapy (MT). The dynamics of PPS were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The additional methods demonstrated greater effectiveness compared to the control group: significant improvement (3 or more VAS points) was noted in 57 % of patients versus 22 %, moderate improvement (&lt;3 points) in 35 % versus 56 %, and deterioration in 8 % versus 22 %. Linear mixed model analysis revealed a statistically and clinically significant difference in PPS dynamics in the experimental groups compared to the control group (F (16, 423.013)=3.542; Partial η2=0.118; p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Additional non-pharmacological treatments for PPS, such as TES, PSI, and MT, significantly improve its course during the early stages of medical rehabilitation. Further research should focus on understanding the factors that contribute to the development of PPS, identifying indications for specific treatments, and personalizing PPS treatment protocols.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фантомный болевой синдром</kwd><kwd>фантомные боли</kwd><kwd>ампутация конечности</kwd><kwd>травматическая ампутация</kwd><kwd>психотерапия фантомной боли</kwd><kwd>зеркальная терапия</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная электростимуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phantom pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>phantom limb pain</kwd><kwd>limb amputation</kwd><kwd>traumatic amputation</kwd><kwd>psychotherapy for phantom limb pain</kwd><kwd>mirror therapy</kwd><kwd>transcranial electrical stimulation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность всему коллективу и пациентам Центра лечения сочетанной травмы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to all team members and patients of the Polytrauma Center.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuan B., Hu D., Gu S. et al. 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