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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2025-32-1-89-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гормональный статус и воспаление у женщин в менопаузе, больных бронхиальной астмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hormonal status and inflammation in menopausal women with bronchial asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9943-4964</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баркова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баркова Александра Викторовна, врач-пульмонолог отделения пульмонологии № 2</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barkova Alexandra V., Pulmonologist of the Pulmonology Department № 2</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmiroshkina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-6960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трофимов Василий Иванович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, зав. кафедрой терапии госпитальной с курсом аллергологии и иммунологии им. академика Черноруцкого с клиникой</p><p>Scopus ID: 7201729099</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trofimov Vasily I., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy with a Course of Allergology and Immunology named after Academician Chernorutsky with Clinic</p><p>Scopus ID: 7201729099</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trofvi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баркова А.В., Трофимов В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баркова А.В., Трофимов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barkova A.V., Trofimov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1128">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1128</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. По крайней мере 348 млн пациентов во всем мире страдают бронхиальной астмой (БА). Установлено, что у женщин свой вклад в течение и развитие БА вносит гормональный статус, а именно женские половые гормоны, такие как эстрадиол и прогестерон, пролактин, лютеинизирующий гормон (ЛГ), фолликулостимулирующий гормон (ФСГ).</p><p>Цель – оценить гормональный статус и показатели воспаления у женщин в менопаузе, страдающих БА.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. В нашем исследовании приняла участие 71 пациентка, страдающая БА легкой и средней степени тяжести, вне обострения заболевания, в менопаузе. Контрольную группу составили 16 здоровых женщин в менопаузе. Всем обследуемым выполнялось определение уровня эстрадиола, прогестерона, фолликулостимулирующего гормона (ФСГ), лютеинизирующего гормона (ЛГ), пролактина, кортизола, иммуноглобулина E, IL-1α, IL-4 и IL-8, оксида азота (FENO), цитологическое исследование спонтанной мокроты, а также спирометрия с бронхолитиком.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе больных с БА уровень эстрадиола практически в 2 раза был ниже по сравнению с контрольной группой (p&lt;0,05), тогда как уровень прогестерона был напротив ниже в группе контроля по сравнению с больными БА (p&lt;0,05). Уровень пролактина был практически в 2 раза ниже в изучаемой группе пациенток с БА по сравнению с контрольной группой (p&lt;0,05). Выявлен более высокий уровень ФСГ в группе больных БА по отношению к контрольной группе (p&lt;0,05), уровни ЛГ практически не отличались в изучаемой группе и группе контроля, уровень ЛГ/ ФСГ был значимо ниже в изучаемой группе больных, чем в группе контроля (p&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У всех пациенток по сравнению с контрольной группой уровень эстрадиола был достоверно ниже (р&lt;0,05), хотя и не выходил за рамки установленных лабораторных норм, прогестерон, напротив, был выше нормальных значений, а также значительно превышал показания контрольной группы (р&lt;0,05). Вероятно, такая гиперпрогестеронемия, не характерная для данного периода жизни женщины, наряду с относительной гиперпролактинемией может обуславливать более легкое течение БА у наших пациенток и благоприятно сказываться на прогнозе заболевания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. At least 348 million patients worldwide suffer from bronchial asthma (BA). It has been established that in women, hormonal status, namely female sex hormones such as estradiol and progesterone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), contributes to the course and development of BA.The objective was to evaluate hormonal status and inflammation indices in menopausal women suffering from BA.Methods and materials. Our study involved 71 patients suffering from mild to moderate BA, outside of exacerbation of the disease, in menopause. The control group consisted of 16 healthy menopausal women. All subjects underwent determination of the level of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, cortisol, immunoglobulin E, IL-1α, IL-4 and IL-8, nitric oxide (FENO), cytological examination of spontaneous sputum, as well as spirometry with a bronchodilator.Results. In the group of patients with BA, the level of estradiol was almost 2 times lower compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05), while the level of progesterone was, on the contrary, lower in the control group compared to patients with BA (p&lt;0.05). The level of prolactin was almost 2 times lower in the studied group of patients with BA compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). A higher level of FSH was found in the group of patients with BA compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05), LH levels were practically the same in the study group and the control group, the LH/FSH level was significantly lower in the study group of patients than in the control group (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion. In all patients, compared to the control group, the estradiol level was significantly lower (p&lt;0.05), although it did not go beyond the established laboratory norms, progesterone, on the contrary, was higher than normal values, and also significantly exceeded the readings of the control group (p&lt;0.05). Probably, such hyperprogesteronemia, not typical for this period of a woman’s life, along with relative hyperprolactinemia, can cause a milder course of BA in our patients and have a favorable effect on the prognosis of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>менопауза</kwd><kwd>эстрадиол</kwd><kwd>прогестерон</kwd><kwd>фолликулостимулирующий гормон</kwd><kwd>лютеинизирующий гормон</kwd><kwd>пролактин</kwd><kwd>кортизол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>menopause</kwd><kwd>estradiol</kwd><kwd>progesterone</kwd><kwd>follicle-stimulating hormone</kwd><kwd>luteinizing hormone</kwd><kwd>prolactin</kwd><kwd>cortisol</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусов А. С., Фесенко О. В., Леонова Е. А. и др. 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