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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2025-32-1-59-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1099</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-иммунологические особенности течения педиатрического рассеянного склероза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and immunological features of the pediatric multiple sclerosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3358-5768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедев Валерий Михайлович, зав. отделением неврологии, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lebedev Valeriy M., Head of the Department of Neurology, Junior Research Fellow</p><p>12a, Academician Pavlov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedevvaleriy@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7204-7850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцев Игорь Владимирович, кандидат биологических наук, зав. лабораторией клеточной иммунологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kudryavtsev Igor V., Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Headof the Laboratory of Cellular Immunology</p><p>12, Academician Pavlov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igorek1981@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8924-5300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ирикова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Irikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирикова Мария Алексеевна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач функциональной диагностики; младший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела нейроинфекций и органической патологии нервной системы</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12а</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irikova Mariia A., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Doctor of Functional Diagnostics; Federal Research Fellow of the Research Department of Neuroinfections and Organic Pathology of the Nervous System</p><p>12a, Academician Pavlov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p><p>9, Professora Popova str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.bedova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2596-4220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebriakova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серебрякова Мария Константиновна, научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12</p><p>191186, Санкт-Петербург, наб. реки Мойки, д. 48</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Serebriakova Maria K., Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Cellular Immunology</p><p>12, Academician Pavlov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p><p>48, Moika Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 191186</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m-serebryakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-8203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolyan</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тотолян Наталья Агафоновна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12а</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Totolyan Natalia A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of theDepartment of Neurology</p><p>12a, Academician Pavlov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ntotolyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мозга человека им. Н. П. Бехтеревой Российской академии наук (ИМЧ РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IHB RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мозга человека им. Н. П. Бехтеревой Российской академии наук (ИМЧ РАН); Федеральный научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IHB RAS); Federal Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases under the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной медицины; Российский государственный педагогический университет имени А. И. Герцена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine; Herzen University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мозга человека им. Н. П. Бехтеревой Российской академии наук (ИМЧ РАН); Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IHB RAS); Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедев В.М., Кудрявцев И.В., Ирикова М.А., Серебрякова М.К., Тотолян Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедев В.М., Кудрявцев И.В., Ирикова М.А., Серебрякова М.К., Тотолян Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedev V.M., Kudryavtsev I.V., Irikova M.A., Serebriakova M.K., Totolyan N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1099">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1099</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Течение рассеянного склероза (РС) у детей и взрослых имеет множество различий, что может обуславливать необходимость разработки дифференцированного подхода к лечению заболевания в зависимости от возраста пациента, однако патогенетические основы вышеуказанных различий остаются неясны.Цель. Оценка особенностей клинической картины педиатрического РС и их взаимосвязи с субпопуляционным составом цитоксических Т-лимфоцитов (Тцит) периферической крови.Методы и материалы. Основную группу составили 33 пациента с педиатрическим РС подросткового возраста. В основной группе и группе сравнения из 22 взрослых с РС оценивались клинические и МРТ-характеристики заболевания. В основной группе, а также у 28 взрослых с РС и 26 здоровых подростков проведен анализ субпопуляций Тцит периферической крови на основании экспрессии CD45RA и CD62L и ко-экспрессии хемокиновых рецепторов CCR4, CCR6, CXCR3 и CXCR5.Результаты. Частота обострений и встречаемости высокоактивного и быстропрогрессирующего РС (ВАРС) при педиатрическом РС в 1,5 раза превысила аналогичные показатели у взрослых. Продемонстрирована равнозначная взаимосвязь степени выраженности мозжечковых нарушений с высокоактивным течением РС как в группе педиатрического РС, так и у взрослых. У подростков с РС отмечено значительно повышенное относительное содержание Тцит эффекторной памяти, экспрессирующих CCR6. Впервые определена связь между относительным содержанием эффекторных Tцит, экспрессирующих CCR6, и высокоактивным течением педиатрического РС (p=0,04). Установлено повышенное относительное содержание CCR6-позитивных терминально-дифференцированных Тцит более чем в 2,5 раза у пациентов с МР-признаками активности процесса по сравнению с периодом радиологической ремиссии (p=0,01). Результаты ROC-анализа показали высокую чувствительность (75,0%) и специфичность (89,7%) показателя CCR6+-позитивных Tцит эффекторной памяти в прогнозировании активности течения педиатрического РС.Выводы. Уровень инвалидизации имеет достоверную взаимосвязь с частотой обострений как у пациентов с педиатрическим РС, так и у взрослых, а частота обострений у пациентов с педиатрическим РС в первые годы заболевания превышает таковую у взрослых. Полученные результаты указывают на более высокую по сравнению со взрослыми активность Т-клеточного звена иммунной системы, в частности, эффекторных Тцит различных уровней дифференцировки. Показатель относительного содержания CCR6-позитивных Тцит эффекторной памяти выше 55,4% может рассматриваться как прогностический маркер развития ВАРС при педиатрическом РС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The course of multiple sclerosis (MS) in children and adults has numerous differences, which may require the development of differentiated treatment approaches depending on the patient’s age. However, the pathogenetic basis of the above differences remains unclear. The objective was to evaluate the clinical features of pediatric MS and their relationship with the cytotoxic T-cell (Tcyt) subsets in peripheral blood.Methods and materials. The main group consisted of 33 patients with pediatric MS of adolescent age. In the main group and the comparison group of 22 adults with MS, clinical and MRI characteristics of the disease were assessed. In the main group, as well as in 28 adults with MS and 26 healthy adolescents, the main Tcyt subsets were identified, based on the expression of CD45RA and CD62L and co-expression of chemokine receptors CCR4, CCR6, CXCR3 and CXCR5.Results. The frequency of exacerbations and occurrence of highly active and rapidly progressing MS (HAMS) in pediatric MS was 1.5 times higher than in adults. An equivalent relationship between the severity of cerebellar disorders and HAMS was demonstrated both in the pediatric MS group and in adults. Adolescents with MS showed a significantly increased relative numbers of effector memory Tcyt expressing CCR6. For the first time, a relationship was determined between the effector Tcyt expressing CCR6 and highly active pediatric MS (p=0.04). A 2.5-fold increase of the relative numbers of CCR6-positive terminally differentiated Tcyt was found in patients with MRI activity compared to the patients in radiological remission (p=0.01). The results of ROC analysis showed high sensitivity (75.0 %) and specificity (89.7 %) of the CCR6+-positive effector memory Tcyt relative number in predicting the activity of the pediatric MS.Conclusions. The disability level has a significant relationship with the frequency of exacerbations in both pediatric MS patients and adults, and the frequency of exacerbations in pediatric MS patients during the first years of the disease is higher than in adults. The obtained results demonstrate a higher activity of T-cell component of the immune system in patients with pediatric MS compared to adults, in particular, various effector Tcyt subsets. The relative number of CCR6-positive effector memory Tcyt above 55.4 % can be considered as a prognostic marker of HAMS in pediatric MS.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>педиатрический рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>субпопуляционный состав Т-лимфоцитов</kwd><kwd>цитотоксические Т-лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>CD45RA</kwd><kwd>CD62L</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>pediatric multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>T-cell subsets</kwd><kwd>cytotoxic T-cells</kwd><kwd>CD45RA</kwd><kwd>CD62L</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке плановой темы НИР ФГБНУ «Института экспериментальной медицины» FGWG-2025–0004 (рег. № 1022041101001-1).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out with the financial support of the planned research topic of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Institute of Experimental Medicine» FGWG-2025–0004 (reg. 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