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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2024-31-4-34-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1093</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние материалов и методов пластики дна седла после транссфеноидальной хирургии аденом гипофиза на частоту развития назальной ликвореи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of materials and methods of the sella turcica bottom plastic surgery after transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma surgery on the incidence of nasal liquorrhea</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-9954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черебилло</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherebillo</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черебилло Владислав Юрьевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой нейрохирургии, руководитель отдела нейрохирургии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cherebillo Vladislav Yu., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery, Head of Neurosurgical Department</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherebillo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-4277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рюмина</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryumina</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рюмина Юлия Игоревна, врач-нейрохирург нейрохирургического отделения № 1, аспирант кафедры нейрохирургии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ryumina Yuliya I., Neurosurgeon of the Neurosurgical Department № 1, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">juliaigorevnarmn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5680-5754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубинина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubinina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубинина Анастасия Владимировна, аспирант кафедры нейрохирургии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dubinina Anastasiya V., Postgraduate Student of the Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dubininaanastacia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черебилло В.Ю., Рюмина Ю.И., Дубинина А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черебилло В.Ю., Рюмина Ю.И., Дубинина А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherebillo V.Y., Ryumina Y.I., Dubinina A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1093">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1093</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Эндоскопический транссфеноидальный подход в последнее десятилетие стал гораздо более широко использоваться в качестве основного для удаления опухолей селлярной и параселлярной областей, особенно аденом гипофиза. И, несмотря на низкую травматичность доступа и превосходную визуализацию, назальная ликворея попрежнему остается его основной проблемой.</p><p>Цель – анализ частоты развития назальной ликвореи после транссфеноидальной эндоскопической хирургии аденом гипофиза в период с 2019 по 2022 гг., анализ материалов и методов ее предотвращения и лечения. Методы и материалы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ частоты возникновения ликвореи у 527 пациентов с диагнозом «аденома гипофиза», прооперированных транссфеноидальным эндоскопическим путем в нашей клинике в период с 2019 по 2022 гг., а также анализ методов пластики послеоперационного дефекта основания черепа и ее эффективности. Проведен сравнительный анализ частоты послеоперационной назальной ликвореи и способов закрытия дефекта дна турецкого седла 121 пациента с диагнозом «аденома гипофиза», прооперированных транссфеноидальным эндоскопическим путем в тот же период времени пятью неопытными хирургами, работающими в одном нейрохирургическом центре и выполняющими менее 50 таких операций в год. Также выполнен анализ наличия/ отсутствия корреляции между возникновением послеоперационной ликвореи и демографическими показателями пациентов, типом, размером и характером роста аденомы. Больные были разделены на две группы – прооперированные «опытным» (более 200 транссфеноидальных операций в год) и «неопытными» (менее 50 таких операций) хирургами соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наш результат статистического анализа результатов лечения 527 пациентов с диагнозом «аденома гипофиза», прооперированных транссфеноидальным эндоскопическим путем, показал сопоставимую с данными мировой литературы частоту послеоперационной ликвореи (0,9 %). Статистически значимых различий частоты ликвореи в зависимости от вида и материалов пластики не получено. Но отмечается выявление статически значимого увеличения случаев возникновения ликвореи у пациентов с опухолями большего размера и с антеселлярным направлением роста. Невозможно не отметить значимое различие в частоте интраоперационных и послеоперационных ликворей в зависимости от опыта хирурга. У опытного хирурга было в два раза меньше случаев интраоперационных ликворей и в 16 раз послеоперационных назальных ликворей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, за последние пять лет можно отметить значительное снижение частоты послеоперационной назальной ликвореи после транссфеноидальной хирургии аденом гипофиза, появление множества вариантов и алгоритмов закрытия послеоперационного дефекта основания черепа для ее предотвращения и лечения. Простые малотравматичные методы пластики имеют высокую эффективность в решении данной проблемы. Следует стремиться к снижению частоты использования в хирургической практике более агрессивных способов закрытия дефекта дна турецкого седла, включающего забор аутологичных тканей и выкраивания мукопериостального лоскута, без вынужденной необходимости.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach has become much more widely used in the last decade as the main one for the removal of tumors of the cellular and parasellar regions, especially pituitary adenomas. Moreover, despite the low traumatic access and excellent visualization, nasal liquorrhea is still its main problem. The objective was to analyze the frequency of nasal liquorrhea after transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery of pituitary adenomas in the period from 2019 to 2022, to analyze materials and methods of its prevention and treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and materials</title><p>Methods and materials. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of liquorrhea in 527 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma who underwent transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery in our clinic in the period from 2019 to 2022, as well as an analysis of the methods of plastic surgery of the postoperative defect of the base of the skull and its effectiveness. A comparative analysis of the frequency of postoperative nasal liquorrhea and the closure of the sella turcica bottom defect in 121 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma operated on by transsphenoidal endoscopy in the same time period by five inexperienced surgeons working in the same neurosurgical center and performing less than 50 such operations per year was carried out. The analysis of the presence/absence of correlation between the occurrence of postoperative liquorrhea and the demographic indicators of patients, the type, size and nature of adenoma growth was also performed. The patients were divided into two groups – operated on by «experienced» (more than 200 transsphenoidal operations per year) and «inexperienced» (less than 50 such operations) surgeons, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Our result of a statistical analysis of the treatment results of 527 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma who underwent transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery showed a frequency of postoperative liquorrhea comparable to world literature data (0.9 %). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of liquorrhea depending on the type and materials of plastics. However, there has been a statistically significant increase in cases of liquorrhea in patients with larger tumors and with an antesellar growth direction. It is impossible not to note a significant difference in the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative liquorrhea, depending on the experience of the surgeon. An experienced surgeon had two times fewer cases of intraoperative liquorrhea and 16 times fewer cases of postoperative nasal liquorrhea.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, over the past five years, we can note a significant decrease in the frequency of postoperative nasal liquorrhea after transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas, the emergence of many options and algorithms for closing the postoperative defect of the base of the skull to prevent and treat it. Simple low-traumatic plastic surgery methods are highly effective in solving this problem. It is necessary to strive reducing the frequency of use in surgical practice of more aggressive methods of closing the defect of the bottom of the sella turcica, including the collection of autologous tissues and cutting out the mucoperiosteal flap, without forced necessity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>назальная послеоперационная ликворея</kwd><kwd>интраоперационная ликворея</kwd><kwd>пластика дна турецкого седла</kwd><kwd>транссфеноидальная хирургия аденом гипофиза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nasal postoperative liquorrhea</kwd><kwd>intraoperative liquorrhea</kwd><kwd>plastic surgery of the bottom of the sella turcica</kwd><kwd>transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cavallo L. M., Somma T., Solari D. et al. 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