uzspbgmuУчёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. ПавловаThe Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University1607-41812541-8807Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University10.24884/1607-4181-2024-31-3-26-35uzspbgmu-1071Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESЦитотоксическая и цитостатическся активность орциноловых депсидов лишайниковCytotoxic and cytostatic activity of orcinol-type depsides of lichenshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140ПрокопьевИ. А.ProkopyevI. A.

Прокопьев Илья Андреевич, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник; старший научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных исследований

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 2 

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70 

Prokopyev Ilya A., Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Senior Research Fellow; Senior Research Fellow of the Department of Fundamental Researches

2, Professor Popov str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

prokopiev@binran.ruКременецкаяУ. А.KremenetskayaU. A.

Кременецкая Ульяна Александровна, студент биологического факультета 

199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, д. 7-9 

Kremenetskaya Uliana A., Student of the Faculty of Biology

7-9, Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 199034

kremeneckaya3@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3060-2232ШемчукО. С.ShemchukO. S.

Шемчук Ольга Сергеевна, аспирант, специалист по учебно-методической работе кафедры общей и биоорганической химии; младший научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных исследований

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 

Shemchuk Olga S., Postgraduate Student, Specialist in Educational and Methodological Work of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry; Junior Research Fellow of the Department of Fundamental Researches

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 

olja.shemchuk17@gmail.comКожуховП. К.KozhukhovP. K.

Кожухов Павел Константинович, аспирант кафедры общей и биоорганической химии

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 

Kozhukhov Pavel K., Postgraduate Student of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry 

6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 

kozhukhovpk@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-6324МолчановО. Е.MolchanovO. E.

Молчанов Олег Евгеньевич, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отдела фундаментальных исследований

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70 

Molchanov Oleg E., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Basic Research 

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

molchanovo@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8174-7461МайстренкоД. Н.MaistrenkoD. N.

Майстренко Дмитрий Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, директор 

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70 

Maistrenko Dmitrii N., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Director 

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

may68@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-2044СемёновК. Н.SemenovK. N.

Семёнов Константин Николаевич, доктор химических наук, профессор кафедры общей и биоорганической химии; главный научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных исследований; профессор кафедры химии твердого тела, Институт химии

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70 

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 

Semenov Konstantin N., Dr. of Sci. (Chem.), Professor of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry; Chief Research Fellow of the Department of Fundamental Researches; Professor of the Department of Solid State Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 

semenov1986@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-0471ШаройкоВ. В.SharoykoV. V.

Шаройко Владимир Владимирович, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры общей и биоорганической химии; ведущий научный сотрудник кафедры химии твердого тела, Институт химии; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных исследований

197758, Санкт-Петербург, поселок Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70 

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 

Sharoyko Vladimir V., Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry; Leading Research Fellow of the Department of Solid State Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; Leading Research Fellow of the Department of Fundamental Researches

70, Leningradskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 197758 

6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 

sharoyko@gmail.comБотанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова РАН ; Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика A. M. ГрановаРоссияV. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; Russian Scientific Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies named after Academician A. M. GranovRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSt. Petersburg UniversityRussian FederationРоссийский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика A. M. Гранова ; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. ПавловаРоссияRussian Scientific Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies named after Academician A. M. Granov ; Pavlov UniversityRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. ПавловаРоссияPavlov UniversityRussian FederationРоссийский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика A. M. ГрановаРоссияRussian Scientific Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies named after Academician A. M. GranovRussian Federation2024120820243132635Copyright © Прокопьев И.А., Кременецкая У.А., Шемчук О.С., Кожухов П.К., Молчанов О.Е., Майстренко Д.Н., Семёнов К.Н., Шаройко В.В., 20242024Прокопьев И.А., Кременецкая У.А., Шемчук О.С., Кожухов П.К., Молчанов О.Е., Майстренко Д.Н., Семёнов К.Н., Шаройко В.В.Prokopyev I.A., Kremenetskaya U.A., Shemchuk O.S., Kozhukhov P.K., Molchanov O.E., Maistrenko D.N., Semenov K.N., Sharoyko V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1071

В лишайниках синтезируются уникальные вторичные метаболиты, большинство из которых не встречаются в других живых организмах. Известно более 800 таких метаболитов, которые могут находиться в различных частях таллома лишайника. Обычно их содержание варьируется от 1 до 6 % сухой массы таллома, но иногда может достигать 20 %. В последние годы интерес к этим метаболитам возрос благодаря их биологической и фармакологической активности, включая антиоксидантные, цитотоксические, антимикробные, противовоспалительные и анальгетические свойства. Это делает их перспективными источниками новых фармацевтических субстанций, хотя молекулярно-клеточные механизмы их действия требуют дальнейшего изучения. Наиболее многочисленным классом лишайниковых метаболитов являются депсиды, образованные по ацетат-полималонатному пути. Они конъюгируются из двух или трех фенольных колец орцинольного или β-орцинольного типа. На сегодняшний день известно около 141 соединения орцинольного типа депсидов, однако биологическая активность описана менее чем для 10 % из них. Настоящий обзор обобщает данные по цитотоксическим и противоопухолевым эффектам, а также молекулярно-клеточным механизмам действия орцинольного типа депсидов и тридепсидов, подчеркивая необходимость дальнейшего изучения этой группы соединений, для большинства из которых биологическая активность еще не исследована.

Lichens synthesize unique secondary metabolites, most of which are not found in other living organisms. More than 800 such metabolites are known, which can be found in various parts of the lichen thallus. Typically, their content varies from 1 to 6 % of the dry weight of the thallus, but sometimes can reach 20 %. In recent years, interest in these metabolites has increased due to their biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This makes them promising sources of new pharmaceutical substances, although the molecular cellular mechanisms of their action require further study. The most numerous classes of lichen metabolites are depsides, formed via the acetate-polymalonate pathway. They are conjugated from two or three phenolic rings of the orcinol or β-orcinol type. To date, about 141 orcinol-type depside compounds are known, but biological activity has been described for less than 10 % of them. This review summarizes the data on the cytotoxic and antitumor effects, as well as the molecular cellular mechanisms of action of the orcinol-type depsides and tridepsides, emphasizing the need for further study of this group of compounds, for most of which the biological activity has not yet been studied.

лишайникипротивоопухолевая активностьфенольные соединениядепсидыlichensantitumor activityphenolic compoundsdepsidesРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства Здравоохранения Российской Федерации (государственное задание «Выделение и изучение противоопухолевой активности вторичных метаболитов (алифатических кислот, депсидов, депсидонов, дибензофуранов) растительного происхождения». Регистрационный номер ЕГИСУ: 1023022200057-2-3.2.21.).The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (state assignment on the topic «Isolation and study of the antitumor activity of secondary metabolites (aliphatic acids, depsides, depsidones, dibenzofurans) of plant origin» Registration number EGISU: 1023022200057-2-3.2.21.).ReferencesStocker­Wörgötter E. Metabolic diversity of lichen-forming ascomycetous fungi: culturing, polyketide and shikimatemetabolite production, and PKS genes // Nat. Prod. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.