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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzspbgmu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И. П. Павлова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-4181</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-3-48-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzspbgmu-1010</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функционализация оксида графена как способ увеличения биосовместимости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functionalization of graphene oxide as a way to increase biocompatibility</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-2044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>К. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семёнов Константин Николаевич, доктор химических наук, профессор кафедры общей и биоорганической химии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70; 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semenov Konstantin N., Dr. of Sci. (Chem.), Professor of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenov1986@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-7282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агеев Сергей Вадимович, специалист по учебно-методической работе, заведующий учебной частью кафедры общей и биоорганической химии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ageev Sergei V., Teaching and Learning Specialist of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry, Head of the Educational Department of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 19702</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ageev.sergey06@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-6324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьев</surname><given-names>Г. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iurev</surname><given-names>G. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрьев Глеб Олегович, кандидат химических наук, доцент кафедры общей и биоорганической химии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70; 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuriev Gleb O., Cand. of Sci. (Chem.), Associate Professorof the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 19702</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glebbi407@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-1720</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанов</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanov</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Молчанов Олег Евгеньевич, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отдела фундаментальных исследований</p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Molchanov Oleg E., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Executive of the Fundamental Research Department</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molchanovo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8174-7461</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майстренко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maistrenko</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майстренко Дмитрий Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, Директор</p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maystrenko Dmitrii N., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Director</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">may64@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-0498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самбук</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sambuk</surname><given-names>Е. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самбук Елена Викторовна, доктор биологических наук, доцент, кафедра генетики и биотехнологии</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sambuk Elena V., Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of Genetics and Biotechnology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esambuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-3890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев Андрей Михайлович, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, кафедра генетики и биотехнологии</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rumyantsev Andrei M., Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Research Fellow, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rumyantsev-am@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-7590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурин Игорь Васильевич, доктор химических наук,профессор, кафедра Химии твердого тела</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Murin Igor V., Dr. of Sci. (Chem.), Professor, Department of Solid State Chemistry</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igormurin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-0471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаройко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharoyko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаройко Владимир Владимирович, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры общей ибиоорганической химии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, д. 70; 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sharoyko Vladimir V., Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor of the Department of General and Bioorganic Chemistry</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 19702</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharoyko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика&#13;
А. М. Гранова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University; A. M. Granov Russian Research Centre for Radiology and Surgical Technologies; Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University; Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика А. М. Гранова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. M. Granov Russian Research Centre for Radiology and Surgical Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенов К.Н., Агеев С.В., Юрьев Г.О., Молчанов О.Е., Майстренко Д.М., Самбук Е.В., Румянцев А.М., Мурин И.В., Шаройко В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенов К.Н., Агеев С.В., Юрьев Г.О., Молчанов О.Е., Майстренко Д.М., Самбук Е.В., Румянцев А.М., Мурин И.В., Шаройко В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov К.N., Ageev S.V., Iurev G.О., Molchanov О.Е., Maistrenko D.N., Sambuk Е.V., Rumyantsev А.М., Murin I.V., Sharoyko V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1010">https://www.sci-notes.ru/jour/article/view/1010</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящий момент одним из наиболее перспективных направлений применения графенов и материалов на его основе, в частности оксида графена, является биомедицина. Благодаря большому разнообразию функциональных групп и возможности химического модифицирования оксида графена перспективным является создание композиционных материалов биомедицинского назначения. Данные наноматериалы обладают уникальной структурой и свойствами, что определяет их использование для создания систем адресной доставки лекарств, в тканевой инженерии, биовизуализации, а также для создания новых материалов, обладающих антимикробными и противовирусными свойствами.</p><p>Цель – осуществить синтез и идентификацию оксида графена и его конъюгата с глицином, а также исследовать биосовместимость полученных наноматериалов: влияние на гемолиз и агрегацию тромбоцитов, генотоксичность, цитотоксичность.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и материалы</title><p>Методы и материалы. Оксид графена был синтезирован из графита по модифицированному методу Хаммерса и Оффемана, после чего также был получен конъюгат оксида графена с глицином. Идентификацию проводили с помощью ядерной магнитно-резонансной спектроскопии. Изучение биосовместимости полученных наноматериалов включало исследование их гемолитической активности, влияния на коллаген-индуцированную агрегацию тромбоцитов, цито- и генотоксичность.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Были синтезированы оксид графена и его конъюгат с глицином. Идентификация с помощью ядерной магнитно-резонансной спектроскопии подтвердила строение и состав веществ. Результаты исследований биосовместимости полученных наноматериалов показали отсутствие гемолитической активности (степень гемолиза не превысила 2,5% в исследуемых диапазонах концентраций); наличие антиагрегантных свойств (при С=10–100 мг·мл–1); отсутствие генотоксических и цитотоксических свойств (оксид графена при C=0,25–25 мг·л–1 не влияет на жизнеспособность клеток линии HEK293; в свою очередь, конъюгат с глицином при C=100–200 мг·л–1 вызывает дозозависимое увеличение пролиферации клеток HEK293).</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Таким образом, проведенные исследования демонстрируют, что функционализация поверхности графена кислородсодержащими группами и аминокислотами приводит к повышению гемосовместимости, а также получению наноматериалов, не проявляющих гено- и цитоксичности.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Now, one of the most promising areas for the use of graphene-based materials, in particular graphene oxide, is biomedicine. Due to the wide variety of functional groups and the possibility of chemical modification of graphene oxide, the creation of composite materials for biomedical use is promising. These nanomaterials have a unique structure and properties, which determines their use for creating targeted drug delivery systems, in tissue engineering, bioimaging, as well as for creating new materials with antimicrobial and antiviral properties.</p><p>The objective was to perform synthesis and identification of graphene oxide and its conjugate with glycine, and to study the biocompatibility of the obtained nanomaterials: the effect on haemolysis and platelet aggregation, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and materials</title><p>Methods and materials. Graphene oxide was synthesized from graphite using the modified Hummers and Offeman method, after which the graphene oxide-glycine conjugate was also obtained. Identification was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Estimation of biocompatibility of the obtained nanomaterials included the study of their hemolytic activity, effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation, cyto- and genotoxicity.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Graphene oxide and its conjugate with glycine were synthesized. Identification with using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed the structure and composition of the substances. The study of the biocompatibility of the obtained nanomaterials showed the absence of hemolytic activity (the degree of hemolysis did not exceed 2.5% at the studied concentration range); the presence of antiplatelet properties (at C=10–100 mg·ml–1); the absence of geno- and cytotoxicity (graphene oxide at C=0.25–25 mg·L–1 does not affect the viability of HEK293 cells; in turn, the conjugate with glycine at C=100–200 mg·L–1 causes a dose-dependent increase proliferation of HEK293 cells).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study demonstrates that functionalization of the graphene surface with oxygen-containing groups and amino acids leads to increased hemocompatibility, as well as to the production of nanomaterials that do not exhibit genoand cytotoxicity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксид графена</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>генотоксичность</kwd><kwd>гемосовместимость</kwd><kwd>биосовместимость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>graphene oxide</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>genotoxicity</kwd><kwd>hemocompatibility</kwd><kwd>biocompatibility</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Министерства здравоохранения РФ. Наименование проекта: «Разработка молекулярного дизайна и создание препаратов на основе конъюгатов углеродных наноструктур, векторов адресной доставки и цитотоксических агентов для инактивации стволовых опухолевых клеток и компонентов микроокружения опухоли», ЕГИСУ: 123021300231-8.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Project name: «Development of molecular design and creation of drugs based on conjugates of carbon nanostructures, targeted delivery vectors and cytotoxic agents for inactivation of tumor stem cells and components of the tumor microenvironment», USAIS: 123021300231-8.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eskiizmir G., Baskin Y., Yapici K. 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